Static electrical machine.



PATENTED NOV. 24, 1903.

T. ARCHER. STATIC ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 23, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Lfiy INVENTOR By arr/i6) @g/LJ/ No. 744,707. PATENTED NOV. 24, 1903.

- T. ARCHER. I

STATIC ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, 1903.

N0 MODEL. I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES lNl/EHTUT? f4 By \jdfllrzad/ arr/16f- ATTORNEYS UNITED STATESIPatented November 24,1903.

THOMAS ARCHER, OF \VOODSIDE, NEW YORK.

STATIC ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 744,707, dated November24, 1903.

Application filed June 23,1903. Serial No. 162,718. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS ARCHER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Woodside, in the countyof Queens and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Static ElectricalMachines, of which the following is a specification, such as will enablethose skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to improvements in static electrical machines, andhas particular reference to an improved construction and means forclamping the'glass disks upon the shaft of the machine.

In the construction of static machines it is well known that plate-glassdisks are not desirable on account of their weight and owing to thepresence of metal in their composition and that ordinary window-glass isbest adapted for the purpose. This glass, however, not being as strongas plate-glass and necessarily made with convex-concave surfaces issubjeeted to a great strain when clamped and held together by means ofthe flat washers ordinarily used, and would very easily break.

h When cutting the central circular opening in the glass disk by the useof a diamond point or other means, a series of small cracks orimperfections are formed in a line following the course of the diamondpoint, but radiating out in all directions from the center. Any unduepressure upon the glass will enlarge or extend these imperfections andbreak the glass. If, however, after the central opening is cut in theglass disk'the aforesaid imperfections are removed, it is obvious thatthe glass disk is materially strengthened and the life of the same verymuch prolonged.

The object of my invention is to overcome the objectionable feature instatic machines above mentioned, and in accomplishing this object Iprovide a disk which is devoid of the aforementioned imperfections andis capable of standing a much greater pressure than any of the disksheretofore made, and I also provide, with the same object in View,washers or separators having convex and concave surfaces, which areadapted to conform to the adjacent engaging glass surface.

I attain my object by means of the device illustrated in theaccompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional view of myimproved disks andseparators arranged upon the shaft of a static machine. Fig. 2 is anenlarged sectional view through a separator. Fig. 3 is an enlargedsectional view of an end washer. Fig. 4c is an enlarged side view of theseparator. Fig. 5 is a section through an ordinary flat washer, showingfillets arranged adjacent thereto. Fig. 6 is a side View of a disk withan enlarged central opening. Fig. '7 is a sectional view of same, andFigs. 8 and 9 are sections showing modified forms.

In practice I provide disks a, having central openings a and in Fig. 1 Ishow to an exaggerated degree the convex-concave shape of the disks.This curvature in practice is hardly perceptible to the eye, averagingabout one-eighth of an inch to every foot. The circular opening 0. isfirst cut, by means of a diamond or otherwise, which leaves theroughened surface presenting many minute cracks or imperfections. Iremove these imperfections by grinding and highly polishing the surfaceof the opening, producing a smooth inner surface (0 This surface isdevoid of all cracks or imperfections. The disks a are mounted upon theshaft 1) over the insulating-coat b and are separated by means of thewashers or separators c and d and are held upon the shaft by means ofthe end washers c and fand the nut f The washers c are formed withconcave surfaces cfland the washers d with the convex surfaces d whichare adapted to engage and conform with the surface of the adjacent glassdisks a. The washer e is formed with a concave surface 6 which engagesthe end disk upon the shaft. The number of disks upon the shaft is onlylimited to the size and capacity of the machine and may be fastenedbeyond the end washer e by any approved means, and the means formounting the shaft in the machine and rotating same may be of anysuitable form.

In Fig. 7 I show the inner surface a of the opening (t as rounded, whilein Fig. 8 I show a beveled edge and in Fig. 9 a straight edge. The formsshown in Figs. 7 and 8 have no sharp edges, as the edges are ground downand then polished, and one or the other form may be used, as desired.

On machines in which the ordinary squared washers or separators are usedI may employ a fillet g and 9 as shown in Fig. 5, which may beconstructed of plastic composition, rubber, or any othersuitableinsulating material and may present a concave surface or a convexsurface to the adjacent glass disk.

In the use of my improved disk should the said disk become loosened uponthe shaft the rounded and highly-polished'inner surface of the openingwill prevent .the tearing or cutting of the insulation upon the shaft,nor will it cut into or tear the insulation when the parts are puttogether and during the operation of tightening the disks upon theshaft.

An important feature of my improved disk is the fact that in a staticmachine in which the stationary plates are round and concentric with theshaft and having a central opening through which the shaft passes therounding and highly polishing of the surface of the opening prevents thediffusion of the electricity into the atmosphere and enables the maximumamount of electricity to be collected.

Having fully described myiuvention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a static electrical machine, disks having central openings,highly-polished surfaces formed upon the inner surface of said centralopenings and adapted to remove all imperfections upon said surface, andmeans for at taching said disks to the shafts of the ma chine,substantially as shown and described.

2. In a static electrical machine, disks having centralopenings,highly-polished surfaces formed upon the inner surfaces ofsaid centralopenings and adapted to remove all imperfections upon said surfaces, andsuitable washers or separators arranged adjacent to said disks andadapted to provide a means for separating and attaching said disks tothe shaft of the machine, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a static electrical machine, disks having central openings,highly-polished surfaces formed upon the inner surfaces of said centralopenings and adapted to remove all imperfections upon said surfaces, andwashers having concave and convex surfaces adapted to engage theadjacent surfaces of the disks and adapted to provide the means forseparating and attaching the said disks upon the shafts of the machine,substantially as shown and described.

4;. In a static electrical machine, disks mounted upon a shaft of themachine, and washers having concave and convex surfaces adapted toengage the adjacent surfaces of the disks and adapted to afford themeans for attaching and separating the said disks upon the shafts of themachine, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname, in presence of the subscribing witnesses, this 18th day of June,1903.

THOMAS ARCHER. /Vitnesses:

F. A. STEWART, C. E. MULREANY.

